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During pregnancy, labor, birth, and nursing, a woman’s body goes through many physical and hormonal changes to support her health and the development of her baby, who relies on mom’s diet for the nutrients to create healthy cells, organs, and tissues. But let’s face it, even with the best intentions, eating a healthy diet during pregnancy can be tough, especially if you have symptoms like nausea and vomiting. It can be even more challenging if you have limited access to nutritious, fresh foods.
Prenatal multivitamins help support healthy pregnancy by providing key nutrients that might be missing in a mother’s diet (such as folic acid, choline, and iodine). These healthy nutrients help prevent birth defects in a growing baby, especially in the developing brain and spinal cord. Healthcare providers and midwives recommend women take prenatal multivitamins before, during, and after pregnancy.
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What’s New in Prenatal Multivitamins
What’s New in Prenatal Multivitamins
What’s New in Prenatal Multivitamins
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During pregnancy, labor, birth, and nursing, a woman’s body goes through many physical and hormonal changes to support her health and the development of her baby, who relies on mom’s diet for the nutrients to create healthy cells, organs, and tissues. But let’s face it, even with the best intentions, eating a healthy diet during pregnancy can be tough, especially if you have symptoms like nausea and vomiting. It can be even more challenging if you have limited access to nutritious, fresh foods.
Prenatal multivitamins help support healthy pregnancy by providing key nutrients that might be missing in a mother’s diet (such as folic acid, choline, and iodine). These healthy nutrients help prevent birth defects in a growing baby, especially in the developing brain and spinal cord. Healthcare providers and midwives recommend women take prenatal multivitamins before, during, and after pregnancy.
Folic Acid, Choline, and Iodine Supplements
For decades, healthcare providers have recommended women take folic acid supplements during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but the science now points to the importance of other nutrients, such as iodine and choline, in the development of babies’ brains and nervous systems:
- Folic acid: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that women of reproductive age consume 400 micrograms of folic acid each day1. Folic acid helps prevent major birth defects of the baby’s brain and spine. Most prenatal multivitamins contain folic acid, but be sure to check the label to make sure the appropriate amount of folic acid is included.
- Choline: The American Medical Association (AMA) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommend 450 mg of choline during pregnancy and 550 mg while breastfeeding. Choline helps support a baby’s brain and nervous system develop while it also prevents certain birth defects. While some prenatal multivitamins contain choline, the recommended intake of choline is larger than what might be included in the prenatal vitamin, so be sure to read the label. You may need to find a separate dietary supplement to get additional choline.
- Iodine: The American Thyroid Association (ATA) recommends 150 mg of iodine supplements during pregnancy and breastfeeding.2 Iodine helps support a healthy pregnancy and is required for a baby's body to grow and develop, especially the brain. Most prenatal multivitamins include iodine, but be sure to read and follow the label to make sure you’re getting the right amount.
Prenatal multivitamins are available in many different forms, including tablets, capsules, gel caps, liquids, and gummies. You can find them at your local pharmacy, grocery store, or online. Not all prenatal multivitamins have the same nutrients, so read the labels and talk to your healthcare provider about which supplements are right for you.
Some women require iron supplements during pregnancy to help prevent iron deficiency anemia. It is important to note that not all prenatal multivitamin products contain iron, especially gummy products. There are additional nutrients — like calcium, vitamin D, magnesium, and omega-3 fatty acids — that are important for a healthy pregnancy. These nutrients are usually found in food and are part of a healthy diet. However, if you are on a restricted diet or have an allergy to certain types of foods, you may benefit from dietary supplements.
Important Update: Acetaminophen
There’s been a lot of talk recently about misleading claims that taking acetaminophen during pregnancy can cause autism. We’ve pulled together some FAQs and answers to help families.
Learn more and get the facts about acetaminophenHealthy Pregnancies with Prenatal Multivitamins
Since half of the pregnancies in the United States not planned3, many experts recommend a prenatal multivitamin for all women who are capable of becoming pregnant. With prenatal multivitamins, you’ll get the right nutrients you need for your baby’s developing brain and body, keeping you both strong and healthy.
References:
1 FolicAcid. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Accessed01/01/2023.
2 Public Health Committee of the American Thyroid Association, Iodine supplementation for pregnancy and lactation-United States and Canada: recommendations of the American Thyroid Association. Thyroid. 2006;16:949-51.
3 Finer, L.B. and Zolna, M.R.(2016). Declines in Unintended Pregnancy in the United States,2008–2011. New England Journal of Medicine. 2012; 374: 843–852.
A NOTE ABOUT DYE-FREE PRODUCTS: Dye-free medications and supplements are a great option for individuals who prefer or require products without dyes, such as those with allergies, sensitivities, or personal preferences. Importantly, both dye-containing and dye-free options are held to the same rigorous safety and quality standards. If you’re unsure which is right for you or your family, talk to your pharmacist or healthcare provider. They can help you choose the option that best suits your needs.
References:
- http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/09/30/AR2005093001998.html
- http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/drug-information/DR602285/DSECTION=precautions-
- http://www.drugs.com/drug-interactions/multivitamin.html
- http://www.naturemade.com/resource-center/articles-and-videos/immune-health/timing-your-vitamins
- http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/druginfo/natural/912.html
- http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminA-HealthProfessional/
- http://www.prevention.com/food/healthy-eating-tips/your-breakfast-giving-you-cancer
- http://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Iron-HealthProfessional/
- http://www.ag.ndsu.edu/pubs/yf/foods/fn1607.pdf
- http://www.fda.gov/Food/DietarySupplements/UsingDietarySupplements/ucm110567.htm
Safe Use Tips & Takeaways
Heart Health Takeaways
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What is fluoride?
Fluoride is a natural mineral found in water, soil, and some foods. It strengthens your enamel, repairs early signs of damage, and makes teeth more resistant to acids from bacteria and sugar.
Is fluoride toothpaste still the most effective option, or are fluoride-free formulas just as good?
Fluoride is still the gold standard for cavity protection. Fluoride-free options can clean your teeth, but they don’t offer the same enamel-strengthening power.
Is fluoride safe for daily use?
Yes. When used as directed, fluoride is safe and effective. It’s been trusted and recommended by major health organizations for over 70 years.
How does fluoride actually protect teeth?
It strengthens enamel, repairs early signs of decay, and makes teeth more resistant to acids from bacteria and sugary foods.
Are there any risks to using fluoride long-term?
The main risk—especially for young kids—is swallowing too much, which can lead to mild fluorosis. Using the right amount prevents this. For parents, supervise brushing to ensure kids spit out the toothpaste and don't swallow it.
At what age should kids start using fluoride toothpaste?
As soon as the first tooth appears!
* Under 3 years: a tiny rice-sized smear
* Ages 3–6: a pea-size amount
Supervise brushing so they don’t swallow it.
* Under 3 years: a tiny rice-sized smear
* Ages 3–6: a pea-size amount
Supervise brushing so they don’t swallow it.
Is fluoride still safe and recommended for kids with all the claims online?
Yes. A lot of online claims can be confusing, but decades of research show fluoride is safe and strongly recommended for cavity prevention when used properly.
How much fluoride should my child get from toothpaste?
Use age-appropriate amounts and brush twice a day. If your water isn’t fluoridated, ask your dentist about additional options.
How do I know which kids’ toothpaste claims are real and not just marketing?
Check for the ADA Seal of Acceptance and choose brands your dentist recommends.
Do fluoride-free or “natural” toothpastes protect kids from cavities?
They can help clean teeth, but they don’t provide the same cavity protection as fluoride toothpastes.
Are fluoride-free toothpastes just as effective for adults?
Not for cavity prevention. Fluoride-free toothpastes can help with cleaning and freshening breath, but they do not protect against cavities the way fluoride does. For adults, or anyone who is prone to cavities, fluoride toothpaste remains the most effective option for preventing tooth decay.
Do fluoride alternatives like nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp) make a difference?
Yes—nHAp can help with sensitivity and early enamel repair. But it hasn’t matched fluoride’s cavity-prevention strength in studies.
How do I compare fluoride vs. fluoride-free options if I have sensitivity or enamel wear?
Fluoride is best for strengthening enamel. nHAp may help with sensitivity. Some people benefit from using both in a balanced routine.
Are whitening toothpastes safe to use with fluoride or fluoride-free products?
Most are safe but can be abrasive. Choose gentle formulas and avoid using them every single day—especially for kids.
What should I look for when choosing an OTC toothpaste?
Pick products with proven active ingredients (like fluoride), check for the ADA Seal, and avoid unnecessary additives or sweeteners.
Does fluoride affect hormones or the brain?
No credible scientific evidence shows fluoride at levels used in toothpaste or fluoridated water disrupts hormones or causes neurodevelopmental harm.
What should I do if my community stops adding fluoride to the water?
Use fluoridated toothpaste, consider fluoride rinses, and talk to a dentist about fluoride supplements for kids.
Do fluoride supplements have side effects?
They’re safe when used under dental guidance and typically recommended for children in areas without fluoridated water.
What’s the best way to make sure I’m getting enough fluoride?
Brush twice daily with fluoride toothpaste, drink fluoridated tap water if available, and ask your dentist for personalized advice if you’re cavity-prone.